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ADHD Medications The first medication doctors use to control symptoms is stimulants. They increase levels of two chemical messengers within the brain called norepinephrine and dopamine. The most commonly used stimulants are methylphenidate (branded Ritalin and Concerta) and Lisdexamfetamine (brand name Vyvanse). They reduce appetite, leading to weight reduction in children. They also increase heart rate and blood pressure. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, also known as Ritalin is the most common stimulant medication used to treat ADHD in both adults and children. It works by altering the quantities of certain natural substances in the brain. It is available in liquid form, chewable tablet or capsule. The long-acting tablet as well as orally disintegrating tablets give some of the medicine right away, while the capsule with long-release releases a steady dose over time. You should not consume alcohol while taking these medications. Stimulant medicines such as methylphenidate stimulate parts of the brain that are inactive for people suffering from ADHD such as the parts involved with concentration. They help improve concentration and help with things like listen, follow instructions, and pay attention. These medications can help decrease physical aggression and other antisocial behaviors. Studies on methylphenidate's effects on the brain have shown that it increases the levels of dopamine and noradrenaline in the nucleus of the accumbens and the prefrontal cortex. It is not a binding agent to the transporter of serotonin and does not alter the levels of serotonin. This mechanism of action is believed to be the reason methylphenidate decreases symptoms of ADHD. Methylphenidate must be taken as a part of a complete treatment program for ADHD that includes counseling and special education. It may cause undesirable effects, such as headaches and stomachaches. It is not recommended for pregnant women. However, if the advantages of the medication outweigh the risks, it may be given during pregnancy. Your doctor will give you suggestions. Methylphenidate is a Schedule II drug, which means it has a high potential for abuse and addiction. It is also a central nervous stimulant and raise blood pressure and heart rates in certain individuals. most effective adhd medication for adults can be hazardous for those suffering from medical conditions that affect the way the body uses blood-pressure and heart rate-lowering drugs like nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (fatty liver disease) or a history stroke or heart attack. Methylphenidate can trigger allergic reactions in certain people. Consult your physician that you suffer from allergies. They might be able to prescribe a medication that won't trigger these reactions. Amphetamines Amphetamines are a kind of psychostimulant which is used to treat ADHD. These drugs work by boosting levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain to improve cognitive functioning and motivate behavior. They also aid in treating narcolepsy – an illness that is known as excessive sleep. Amphetamines can be bought over-the counter or on prescription from a physician. They are sometimes prescribed to children who don't respond to methylphenidate. It is the first option for treating ADHD in the US. Researchers looked at seven randomized controlled studies of amphetamines in children and adolescents who have ADHD (dextroamphetamine [Vyvanse], lisdexamfetamine, or mixed amphetamines salts). The results revealed that amphetamines were superior to placebo in reducing the severity of core ADHD symptoms. However, the majority of studies showed a high risk of bias. It is hard to tell if the differences between the amphetamines observed are real. The authors examined different dosages of the drug, but did not find any distinction between sustained-release and immediate-release formulations. The authors also examined the effects of altering the amount of time the drug is taken every day. There was there was no difference. The authors also investigated whether the combination of d-amphetamine and lamphetamine, which is the main ingredient of Adderall is more effective than damphetamine alone. The study found that d-amphetamine by itself was not as efficient as the combination. The authors concluded that the comparatively short duration of the study and the strict inclusion criteria limit their external validity. It is beneficial to conduct longitudinal RCTs that have longer follow-up periods and use objective outcomes that are not influenced by blinding failure. Additionally the future RCTs should be considered using multiple comparator drugs in order to increase the power of their findings. Current guidelines recommend lisdexamfetamine as well as methylphenidate in adults suffering from ADHD. If these drugs don't provide sufficient benefits after a six-week trial, doctors may opt for standard dexamfetamine, which is broken down into d-amphetamine more quickly and requires taking it more often. Atomoxetine may be prescribed in the event that dexamfetamine or lisdexamfetamine do not offer enough benefit to the patient. Long-acting stimulants Stimulant medications ease ADHD symptoms in 70% to 80percent of adults and children who use these drugs. They can reduce hyperactivity, interrupting and fidgeting behaviors and other disruptive behavior. They also improve concentration, academic performance, and social skills. Your child's physician may recommend them as the first treatment, or they may be used in conjunction with other therapies such as behavioral therapy. The medications come in pills, liquids or patches that are sprayed on the skin. If your child starts taking these medications, their medical professionals will monitor bodily responses to find the right dose. They will also check for any side effects. Long-acting stimulants are designed to relieve symptoms throughout the day without the need for repeated dosages. They contain a delayed-release component, so the medication enters the body at different times, ensuring continuous coverage for up to 8 hours. They also may be less prone to abuse and diversion than stimulants with short-acting effects. Medications that help people with ADHD improve their attention, focus and impulsivity typically fall into one of two drug classes such as amphetamines or methylphenidates. The medication affects dopamine levels in the brain. The full effects of these medications could take up to a week. Your doctor may start you on a low dose and gradually increase it. The kind of stimulant your child takes is dependent on a variety of aspects, such as age, weight and whether your child is allergic or not to the medication. It's important to tell your doctor if your child is taking any other prescription or over-the-counter medicines, as well as supplements and vitamins. Certain medications can have dangerous effects when they are combined with other substances and therefore, your doctor has to know about everything you and your child take. The stimulant medication can cause negative effects, like nausea, sleepiness and headaches. These side effects typically disappear within a few weeks or months, but If you're still experiencing these symptoms, you should consult your doctor. You could be able to lessen side effects by taking your medication with food or altering the dosage. Short-acting stimulants If you or your child suffers from ADHD, there's a good possibility that medication will aid. According to research, between 70% and the majority of adults suffering from ADHD and children who are taking ADHD medication improve. These medications help with symptoms like hyperactivity, fidgeting and interruptions, and difficulties staying focused or working on tasks. People often have fewer problems at school and home and have more stable relationships. Stimulants work by changing the levels of chemicals in your brain, namely norepinephrine and dopamine. They're the first medication that doctors recommend for both adults and children with ADHD. Methylphenidate, also referred to as Adderall and Ritalin, are two of most frequently prescribed stimulants. Doctors can also prescribe extended release versions of these drugs which last between six and 16 hours. You can take them in the morning, or at different times during the day to avoid peaks and troughs in your blood levels. Your child or you may need to test different dosages and medications before you find the right one that helps. The side effects may include stomachaches, headaches, and changes in blood pressure or heart rate. These symptoms typically occur when a new medicine is first introduced or when the dosage is increased. These effects usually disappear with time as the body becomes used to the medication. All medications can trigger adverse effects. However, they are not experienced by most people very often, or all the time. Consult your doctor immediately if you or your child experiences a bad reaction. There are a few instances where an individual with ADHD doesn't need stimulant medications. This is especially relevant if the person is able to manage their ADHD with ease or is able to structure his or her life so that ADHD medication is only required in certain circumstances. Doctors may also suggest non-stimulant ADHD medications for some people for example, antidepressants like bupropion (Wellbutrin). These don't have FDA approval to treat ADHD but they can be employed “off label” to treat this condition. Nonstimulant medication can cause less sedation, depression and anxiety than stimulants. However, they can still trigger some adverse effects like agitation or sleeplessness.